{"id":5135,"date":"2019-09-13T11:09:36","date_gmt":"2019-09-13T09:09:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/?p=5135"},"modified":"2019-09-13T11:09:36","modified_gmt":"2019-09-13T09:09:36","slug":"english-history-records-prove-vietnams-sovereignty-over-hoang-sa-truong-sa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/en\/2019\/09\/13\/english-history-records-prove-vietnams-sovereignty-over-hoang-sa-truong-sa\/","title":{"rendered":"History records prove Vietnam\u2019s sovereignty over Hoang Sa, Truong Sa"},"content":{"rendered":"
Hoang Sa (Paracel) and Truong Sa (Spratly) are two big archipelagos with key strategic locations among Vietnam\u2019s islands, and the country\u2019s sovereignty over them is clearly reflected through historical documents.<\/strong><\/em><\/div>\n
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Fishing boats on the waters off the coast of Cat Ba township of Hai Phong city (Photo: VNA)<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Hoang Sa (Paracel) and\u00a0Truong Sa<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0(Spratly) are two big archipelagos with key strategic locations among Vietnam\u2019s islands, and the country\u2019s sovereignty over them is clearly reflected through historical documents.<\/p>\n

The East Sea borders Vietnam in the east and the south. Vietnamese people have long called this body of water the \u201cEast Sea\u201d because it is east of the country. Hoang Sa and Truong Sa archipelagos are at the centre of this sea, one of the busiest shipping lanes in the world.<\/p>\n

Vietnamese history records repeatedly mentioned these chains of islands as indispensable parts of the country\u2019s territory and territorial sea such as\u00a0\u201cPhu bien tap luc\u201d (Miscellaneous chronicles of the pacified frontier) by Le Quy Don in 1776, \u201cThien Nam tu chi lo do thu\u201d (Collection of the South\u2019s Road Map) by Do Ba in the mid-17th century, and \u201cLich trieu hien chuong loai chi\u201d (A classified treatise of the institutions of successive dynasties) by Phan Huy Chu in the early 19th century.<\/p>\n

This fact can also been seen in official history and geography records of the Nguyen Dynasty (1802 \u2013 1945), including \u201cDai Nam thuc luc\u201d (Chronicle of Dai Nam \u2013 an old name of Vietnam), \u201cDai Nam nhat thong chi\u201d (Unification records of Dai Nam), and \u201cDai Nam dia du chi\u201d (Geographical record of Dai Nam).<\/p>\n

Notably, there are many documents recording the Nguyen Dynasty\u2019s territorial expansion and establishment and exercising of sovereignty over Hoang Sa and Truong Sa. They include the dynasty\u2019s woodblocks and imperial archives which have been recognised as world documentary heritage by UNESCO.<\/p><\/div>\n

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A plate of the Nguyen Dynasty’s woodblocks affirming Vietnam’s sovereignty over Hoang Sa archipelago (Photo: VNA)<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Of the woodblocks, there are plates recording historical events of the Nguyen Lords from 1558 to 1777.<\/p>\n

Plate No. 24 inscribed with part of the 10th volume of \u201cDai Nam thuc luc tien bien\u201d (Early Chronicle of Dai Nam) says: \u201cIn the sea off the coast of Vinh An commune of Binh Son district, Quang Ngai province, there are more than 130 sand banks \u2026 stretching for several thousands of miles called Van ly Hoang Sa \u2013 the eternal yellow sand bank. On these sand banks, there are fresh water and seafood like sea cucumber and hawksbill turtle\u2026 In the early period of the dynasty, a Hoang Sa flotilla was set up with 70 members from An Vinh commune. Every year, they begin sailing in March and reach the bank in about three days to seek natural produce and then return to hand over the produce in August.\u201d<\/p>\n

Director of the National Archives of Vietnam Dang Thanh Tung said the Hoang Sa flotilla, formed in the era of the Nguyen Lords, is a unique way to establish and exercise the country\u2019s sovereignty over Hoang Sa archipelago. This flotilla\u2019s trips to Van ly Hoang Sa were annual activities.<\/p>\n

Notably, in 1816, King Gia Long ordered the erection of markers and flags affirming sovereignty in Hoang Sa.<\/p>\n

The dynasty\u2019s imperial archives also show the Nguyen kings always paid attention to the establishment and exercising of sovereignty in the East Sea, especially\u00a0Hoang Sa<\/strong><\/a>and Truong Sa archipelagos and onshore islands like Con Dao and Phu Quoc.<\/p>\n

According to these archives, the kings sent people to make surveys, plant markers and draw maps, and save Vietnamese and foreign boats in distress in waters surrounding Hoang Sa and Truong Sa.<\/p>\n

Apart from domestic historical records, many maps published by other countries also prove Vietnam\u2019s sovereignty over these two archipelagos. They include \u201cAn Nam dai quoc hoa do\u201d (Map of the Great An Nam \u2013 another old name of Vietnam), an appendix of Dictionariumlatino-anamiticum (Latin-An Nam dictionary) published by Oriental Lith. Press in Calcutta, India, in 1838. This map features a group of islands at the centre of the East Sea with the Latin note \u201cParacel seu Cat Vang\u201d, which means \u201cParacel or Cat Vang\u201d.<\/p>\n

According to the article \u201cNote on the Geography of Cochinchina\u201d on The Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, published in Calcutta in 1837, Bishop Jean Louis Taberd, also the author of Dictionariumlatino-anamiticum, wrote that for the last 34 years,\u00a0Paracel<\/strong><\/a>, called Cat Vang \u2013 Hoang Sa by Vietnamese people, had been occupied by Vietnamese people in Dang Trong (the region that comprised the central and southern regions of Vietnam nowadays). He added that in 1816, King Gia Long sent people to plant a flag and declare the sovereignty over these banks.<\/p>\n

A map drawn by Jodocus Hondius in 1613 also shows Hoang Sa archipelago and all islands of Vietnam from the south of the Gulf of Tonkin to the end of the country\u2019s southern waters, except for Pulo Condor (Con Dao) and Pulo Cici (Phu Quoc) drawn separately.<\/p>\n

The Journal of an Embassy from the Governor-General of India to the Courts of Siam and Cochin China, compiled by John Crawfurd and published in London (the UK) in 1830, also wrote: \u201cThe King of Cochin China, in 1816, took possession of the uninhabited and dangerous archipelago of rocks, islets, and sand banks, called the Paracels, which he claims as part of his dominions, and over which his authority is not likely to be disputed.\u201d<\/p>\n

From September 4 to 8, 1951, a conference was held in San Francisco, the US, to discuss the signing of a peace treaty with Japan, gathering representatives of 51 countries. A delegation of the State of Vietnam (1949 \u2013 1955), a member of the French Union at that time, led by Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Tran Van Huu of former King Bao Dai\u2019s government attended the event.<\/p>\n

At that conference, Huu reaffirmed the country\u2019s long-standing sovereignty over Hoang Sa and Truong Sa archipelagos in front of 51 diplomatic delegations. This declaration did not meet any protests from participating countries. -VNA<\/p><\/div>\n\n

Aufrufe: 1355<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hoang Sa (Paracel) and Truong Sa (Spratly) are two big archipelagos with key strategic locations among Vietnam\u2019s islands, and the country\u2019s sovereignty over them is clearly reflected through historical documents. Fishing boats on the waters off the coast of Cat Ba township of Hai Phong city (Photo: VNA) Hoang Sa (Paracel) and\u00a0Truong Sa\u00a0(Spratly) are two …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[39],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5135"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5135"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5135\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5138,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5135\/revisions\/5138"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5135"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}