{"id":2872,"date":"2018-05-28T08:58:08","date_gmt":"2018-05-28T06:58:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/?p=2872"},"modified":"2018-06-06T10:47:48","modified_gmt":"2018-06-06T08:47:48","slug":"tieng-viet-cuong-quoc-hang-hai-chinh-sach-ngoai-giao-canh-sat-bien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/2018\/05\/28\/tieng-viet-cuong-quoc-hang-hai-chinh-sach-ngoai-giao-canh-sat-bien\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i – Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u201cNgo\u1ea1i Giao C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"
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T\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay John C. Stennis (tr\u00e1i) v\u00e0 t\u00e0u Ronald Reagan ph\u1ea3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf bi\u1ec3n Philippines ng\u00e0y 18\/6. \u1ea2nh: US Navy<\/p><\/div>\n

C\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i<\/h3>\n
L\u00e2u nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e1o v\u00e0 nghe tin n\u00f3i Trung Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ea1 th\u1ee7y chi\u1ebfc h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1eabu h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, r\u1ed3i chi\u1ebfc th\u1ee9 hai \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00eam chi\u1ebfc th\u1ee9 ba. Chi\u1ebfc h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1eabu h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng cho h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft, sau khi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n th\u00ec n\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Ukraine r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em \u0111i ra b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c mua l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3 v\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i v\u1ecf t\u00e0u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, b\u00e1nh l\u00e1i, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n n\u00ean Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ecdi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean m\u1edbi l\u00e0 Li\u00eau Ninh. Chi\u1ebfc th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng l\u00e0 c\u00e2y nh\u00e0 l\u00e1 v\u01b0\u1eddn do Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1eabn theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1eabu h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/div>\n
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T\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay Li\u00eau Ninh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb v\u1ecf t\u00e0u Varyag l\u1edbp Kuznetsov c\u1ee7a H\u1ea3i Qu\u00e2n Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u0169<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n
T\u1ea1i sao Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1eabu h\u1ea1m? Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang l\u00e0m l\u00e0 mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n giao quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n v\u1ed1n n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5n s\u00e2n v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, v\u00f9ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 cho l\u00e0 s\u00e2n sau c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o tay m\u00ecnh khi Hoa K\u1ef3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n sai hay b\u1ecb kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/div>\n
T\u1ea1i sao Trung c\u00f3 v\u1ebb th\u1eafng th\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay? Hoa K\u1ef3 l\u00e0 si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf \u00c2u Ch\u00e2u, Trung C\u1eadn \u0110\u00f4ng, B\u1eafc Phi v\u00e0 \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u. Trong khi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac n\u00e0y d\u00f9 \u0111ang c\u00f3 trong tay 2 chi\u1ebfc h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1eabu h\u1ea1m th\u00ec Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea5p khu v\u1ef1c (v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n c\u1eadn duy\u00ean – littoral zone) ch\u1ee9 ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng xanh (abyssal zone hay hadal zone) nh\u01b0 Hoa K\u1ef3. V\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, khu v\u1ef1c ngay s\u00e1t s\u00e2n nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf h\u01a1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c khi c\u1ea1nh tranh \u1edf quy m\u00f4 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Khi m\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi m\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u00e2n sau c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 b\u1ecb l\u1ee7ng \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1edfi Trung Qu\u1ed1c qua ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u201cNgo\u1ea1i giao b\u1eaby n\u1ee3\u201d, th\u00ec Trung Qu\u1ed1c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf h\u01a1n khi hai b\u00ean tranh gi\u00e0nh nhau \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nhau.<\/div>\n
Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn Hoa K\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c bi\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i H\u1ea3i Qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 19 chi\u1ebfc M\u1eabu H\u1ea1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edf m\u00e1y bay nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 11 chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1eabu h\u1ea1m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh th\u00eam chi\u1ebfc USS John F. Kennedy thu\u1ed9c l\u1edbp Gerald R. Ford \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020, c\u00f2n 10 chi\u1ebfc HKMH hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang tung ho\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ecdi v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u00c1 sang \u00c2u, Trung \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn Phi Ch\u00e2u.<\/div>\n
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H\u00e0ng Kh\u00f4ng M\u1eabu H\u1ea1m USS John S. Stennis c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n
C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i b\u00e1o vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 tr\u1ed5i d\u1eady qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ef7 thu\u1eadt, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 nh\u01b0 Nga, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c…tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0m b\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n t\u1ed1n cho m\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng l\u1edbn lao v\u1edbi danh v\u1ecdng h\u00e3o l\u00e0 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp Hoa K\u1ef3, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3 100 n\u0103m nay.<\/div>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean \u1edf \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u t\u1eebng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u, tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ea3 tr\u0103m n\u0103m, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn \u1edf \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ecb Th\u1ebf Chi\u1ebfn. Trong l\u00fac Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Nha Phi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Anh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (1840 \u2013 1843 v\u00e0 1856 \u2013 1860), b\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t k\u00fd m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Nam Kinh b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf c\u1eeda nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea3i c\u1ea3ng cho li\u00ean qu\u00e2n 8 n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0o giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00f2n Hong Kong th\u00ec b\u1ecb c\u1eaft l\u00e0m nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba cho \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Anh. H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Nga th\u1eddi Sa Ho\u00e0ng (1905) l\u00e0m n\u00ean m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng v\u1ec1 h\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfn h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong su\u1ed1t b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y l\u1ecbch s\u1eed chi\u1ebfn tranh tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n. Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u0169ng t\u1eebng x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 cai tr\u1ecb \u0110\u00e0i Loan v\u00e0 Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3 trong \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ecb Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1945.<\/div>\n
Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i sau khi th\u1eafng h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Nga th\u00ec Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n m\u1edbi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn.<\/div>\n
N\u0103m 1853 (July 8, 1853), H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c Matthew Calbraith Perry c\u00f9ng 4 chi\u1ebfn t\u00e0u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u1ecbnh Edo (Edo Bay), \u0111e d\u1ecda ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n t\u1eeb ph\u00eda bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n m\u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y d\u1ea1y Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng, m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t H\u1ea3i Qu\u00e2n h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean khan hi\u1ebfm, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ee3i \u00edch qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ec3n Nam Trung Hoa ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i \u0111i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf n\u1ed1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 T\u00e2y Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/div>\n
H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a Alfred Thayer Mahan. H\u1ecd nh\u1eadn ra t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con \u00e1t ch\u1ee7 b\u00e0i trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y h\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc xa x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 “Ngo\u1ea1i giao s\u00fang” trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Tokugawa, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i Loan.<\/div>\n

Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u201cNgo\u1ea1i giao C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n\u201d<\/h3>\n
Sau khi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n b\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng \u1edf \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ecb Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn, Hoa K\u1ef3 thay m\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng minh ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i gi\u1edbi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt. T\u01b0\u1edbng Douglas MacArthur, t\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng minh t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 cho so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o b\u1ea3n Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n theo 3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ee9 2 n\u00eau r\u00f5 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu: \u201cNh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf c\u1ea3 quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00e0m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh. Trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i g\u1ed3m h\u1ea3i, l\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n. Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n giao chi\u1ebfn\u201d.<\/div>\n
Theo hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p k\u00fd k\u1ebft sau chi\u1ebfn tranh, n\u1ec1n an ninh l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c gia Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9, tuy nhi\u00ean hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean minh gi\u1eefa Hoa K\u1ef3-Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Do v\u1eady Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 bao g\u1ed3m ba l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng.<\/div>\n
Theo th\u1eddi gian, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c \u00e9p c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1ecb uy hi\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0110i\u1ebfu Ng\u01b0 (Sensaku) d\u00f9 \u0111ang d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb Trung Qu\u1ed1c tranh ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f2i ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng huy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n b\u1ecb Trung Qu\u1ed1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn 80-90% v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do trong h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i quan tr\u1ecdng cho 80% \u0111\u1ebfn 90% ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt.<\/div>\n
Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec nh\u1eefng quan ng\u1ea1i tr\u00ean, ng\u00e0y 18 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2017, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Shinzo Abe \u0111\u00e3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an ninh h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u00f4ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (JCG) c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng vai tr\u00f2, t\u1ea7m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 l\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chia s\u1ebb c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 D\u01b0\u01a1ng-Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 c\u1edfi m\u1edf trong giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n.<\/div>\n
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T\u00e0u khu tr\u1ee5c tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng c\u1ee7a L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 H\u00e0ng H\u1ea3i l\u1edbp Izumo. C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng cho m\u00e1y bay F35A<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n
L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (JMSDF) c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. V\u1eady t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o trong vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an ninh h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n? L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Trong khi C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1. N\u00f3 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1948, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u00e0 C\u01a1 quan an to\u00e0n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i. JCG \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong su\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua. Vi\u1ec7c C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (JCG) chi\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed gh\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/div>\n
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T\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n duy\u00ean c\u1ee7a C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n
Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, n\u00f3 \u0111e d\u1ecda tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ef1 do l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng, c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa b\u1ed1n qu\u1ed1c gia ASEAN v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda an ninh phi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eadp nh\u1eb1ng trong v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan th\u1ef1c thi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p am t\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n, ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y… C\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ven bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 trong vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia trong v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n (JCG) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i (SLOC) c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00f4i thay v\u00ec d\u00f9ng L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/div>\n
M\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p am hi\u1ec3u ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 SLOC kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia li\u00ean quan trong v\u00f9ng. C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc Li\u00ean H\u1ee3p Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n n\u0103m 1982 (UNCLOS), c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n, th\u1ef1c thi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/div>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 ri\u00eang cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n n\u00e2ng t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (JCG) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 an ninh h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eadt (JCG) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1.<\/div>\n
Th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n (JCG), Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c an ninh khu v\u1ef1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ven bi\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c. Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00fac t\u00e1c b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (JICA). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m ph\u1ea7n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 t\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n tra hay thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/div>\n
N\u0103m 2005, C\u01a1 quan th\u1ef1c thi h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Malaysia (MMEA) m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a JCG trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 cho m\u00ecnh. MMEA h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi JICA v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2006, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a hai t\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n tra \u0111\u1ebfn, JCG h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u00f9ng MMEA \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n. JCG c\u0169ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho MMEA trong m\u1ed9t quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay.<\/div>\n
T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 tham gia c\u00f9ng L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n Philippines (PCG) trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7. N\u0103m 1998, ngay sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, PCG \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n. N\u0103m 2002, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o 5 n\u0103m v\u1edbi s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c JICA-PCG, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean Philippines th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c thi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2007, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o 2.000 quan ch\u1ee9c C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n cho Philippines trong nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng an ninh h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi JCG. Trong n\u0103m 2013, m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau khi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 Scarborough Shoal thu\u1ed9c Philippines ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, JICA \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n vay \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng 10 t\u00e0u d\u00e0i 40 m\u00e9t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau (Multi-Role Response – MRRV).<\/div>\n
C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1998 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam Coast Guard (VCG), ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2008. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 VCG th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1eadp thao d\u1ee3t, trao \u0111\u1ed5i kinh nghi\u1ec7m chung gi\u1eefa JCG v\u00e0 VCG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng 9. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n VCG b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e0u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/div>\n
Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Indonesia, JCG \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi JICA h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Indonesia BAKORKAMLA, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i th\u1ef1c thi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n cung c\u1ea5p ba t\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n tra \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n Indonesia trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2006 v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u USD \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t giao th\u00f4ng t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n \u1edf Eo bi\u1ec3n Malacca v\u00e0 Singapore.<\/div>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h3>\n
M\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean khan hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tuy\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 sinh t\u1ed3n, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ngo\u1ea1i giao c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn h\u1ea1m Mahanian tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng gian bi\u1ec3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y nay, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 giao th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u1eefa.<\/div>\n
Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh b\u1eb1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u1ea1i giao c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ngo\u1ea1i giao b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ven bi\u1ec3n r\u1eb1ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<\/div>\n
Trong khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u201cNgo\u1ea1i giao b\u1eaby n\u1ee3\u201d d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p ti\u1ebfn ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, th\u00ec Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u201cNgo\u1ea1i Giao C\u1ea3nh S\u00e1t Bi\u1ec3n\u201d nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n trong an ninh h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i, duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do.<\/div>\n
Ch\u1eafc ch\u00fang ta sau khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh xong c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c1, ai \u0111ang c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Thanh Nh\u00e0n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb<\/div>\n
    \n
  • Wikipedia<\/li>\n
  • Pacific Forum CSIS, Honolulu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

    Aufrufe: 432<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    C\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i L\u00e2u nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e1o v\u00e0 nghe tin n\u00f3i Trung Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ea1 th\u1ee7y chi\u1ebfc h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1eabu h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, r\u1ed3i chi\u1ebfc th\u1ee9 hai \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00eam chi\u1ebfc th\u1ee9 ba. Chi\u1ebfc h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1eabu h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng cho …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[97,1,39,37],"tags":[143],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2872"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2872"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2872\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2876,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2872\/revisions\/2876"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2872"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2872"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2872"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}