{"id":4550,"date":"2019-06-12T14:58:40","date_gmt":"2019-06-12T12:58:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/?p=4550"},"modified":"2019-06-13T23:18:46","modified_gmt":"2019-06-13T21:18:46","slug":"tieng-viet-tq-dat-ten-cac-dao-tai-hai-quan-dao-hoang-sa-va-truong-sa-nhu-the-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/2019\/06\/12\/tieng-viet-tq-dat-ten-cac-dao-tai-hai-quan-dao-hoang-sa-va-truong-sa-nhu-the-nao\/","title":{"rendered":"TQ \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1ea1i hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"Ta h\u00e3y x\u00e9t xem qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ebd hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Paracel v\u00e0 Spratly m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u1ecdi \u201cT\u00e2y Sa\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cNam Sa\u201d l\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u00e1, b\u00e3i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sai s\u00f3t trong s\u00e1ch\u00a0\u0110\u1ea1o m\u1ed9 b\u00fat k\u00fd\u00a0v\u00e0 t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch\u00a0\u0110\u1ea1o m\u1ed9 b\u00fat k\u00fd\u00a0(tr\u00e1i) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em><\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ng 1\/1974, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1ng c\u1edb d\u00f9ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y. Th\u00e1ng 3\/1988, Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfm 6 b\u00e3i \u0111\u00e1 ng\u1ea7m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch chi\u1ebfm th\u00eam b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m, \u0111\u00e1 ng\u1ea7m, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng h\u00f2ng gi\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 phi ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00edch d\u1eabn, c\u1eaft x\u00e9n l\u1eddi v\u0103n c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch c\u1ed5, s\u00e1ch tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c (30\/1\/1980) c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u201c\u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o T\u00e2y Sa v\u00e0 Nam Sa s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t\u201d, \u201ckhai ph\u00e1 s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cqu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t\u201d. Phan Th\u1ea1ch Anh, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 (b\u00e0i \u201cQu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Nam Sa thu\u1ed9c l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d – T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 H\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u1ea3ng 3\/9\/1993). \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng xem x\u00e9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh Trung Qu\u1ed1c bi\u00ean v\u1ebd hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho c\u00e1c b\u00e3i, \u0111\u00e1, \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 xem c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t cho ch\u00fang hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i (c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m, c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1o s\u0129) \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n \u0111i t\u00ecm c\u00e1c x\u1ee9 x\u1edf xa x\u00f4i \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng. T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 16, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 17, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 sang v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n v\u00f9ng Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa ng\u00e0y nay m\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cPracel\u201d. Do ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u201cPracel\u201d n\u00ean h\u1ecd v\u1ebd qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 c\u1edd \u0111u\u00f4i nheo c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ea3o chi ch\u00edt th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m \u1edf ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eadn c\u1ef1c nam Trung B\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Ribeiro 1525; b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a Henricus Van Langren 1595; c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea5n H\u00e0 Lan v\u1ebd t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cAustralia unveiled\u201d (Ch\u00e2u \u00dac \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ee1 m\u1ea1ng che m\u1eb7t). Cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111o\u00e0n kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Kergariou Loc Maria \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng (n\u0103m 1787 – 1788) th\u00ec m\u1edbi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngo\u00e0i qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Paracel, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf ph\u00eda Nam Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Spratly, t\u1ee9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa ng\u00e0y nay. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y m\u1edbi v\u1ebd hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1808 Daniel Ross v\u1ebd t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Paracel. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1867 – 1868 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111o v\u1ebd qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Spratly v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1881 – 1883, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i \u0111o v\u1ebd qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Paracel. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103m 1885 Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Anh ch\u1ec9nh l\u00fd l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Paracel v\u00e0 Spratly v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00ean Anh-Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, b\u00e3i, \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ho\u00e1.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o v\u1ebd c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u00e1, b\u00e3i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, b\u00e3i v\u1ebd th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ebd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft l\u00fd th\u00fa cho ph\u00e9p ta ngh\u0129 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean, khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111o v\u1ebd hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

Ta h\u00e3y x\u00e9t xem qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ebd hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Paracel v\u00e0 Spratly m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u1ecdi \u201cT\u00e2y Sa\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cNam Sa\u201d l\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u00e1, b\u00e3i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

1. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ebd c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m \u1edf bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng l\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3:<\/p>\n

Theo cu\u1ed1n \u201cNg\u00e3 Qu\u1ed1c Nam H\u1ea3i ch\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea3o s\u1eed li\u1ec7u h\u1ed9i bi\u00ean\u201d do H\u00e0n Ch\u1ea5n Hoa ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1988, trang 318 – 353, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ebd c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng l\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o:<\/p>\n

– Ch\u1ec9 v\u1ebd qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0110\u00f4ng Sa (Pratas) c\u00f3 5 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1913, 1914, 1920, 1927, 1934.<\/p>\n

– V\u1ebd \u0110\u00f4ng Sa v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Sa g\u1ed3m 58 lo\u1ea1i, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 20, 30.<\/p>\n

– V\u1ebd th\u00eam b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m \u201cMacclessfield\u201d v\u00e0 9 \u0111\u1ea3o thu\u1ed9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa g\u1ed3m 8 lo\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n 1,2 n\u0103m sau khi Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa th\u00e1ng 7\/1933.<\/p>\n

– V\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 4 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m g\u1ed3m 60 lo\u1ea1i, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb sau th\u00e1ng 4\/1935 khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u201cB\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o Nam H\u1ea3i Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1946. Tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y, qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Pratas mang t\u00ean \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng Sa\u201d, qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa (Vi\u1ec7t Nam) mang t\u00ean \u201cT\u00e2y Sa\u201d, b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m Macclessfield mang t\u00ean \u201cNam Sa\u201d, qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa Vi\u1ec7t Nam mang t\u00ean \u201c\u0110o\u00e0n Sa\u201d.<\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c v\u1ebd c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng l\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u0169ng theo cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00f3i tr\u00ean (trang 353 – 365), Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ebd lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ranh gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea1m vi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng l\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 – qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

– T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1914-1933 v\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bao quanh \u0111\u1ea3o \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng Sa\u201d v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u201cT\u00e2y Sa\u201d.<\/p>\n

– N\u0103m 1934 c\u00f3 1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bao quanh \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng Sa\u201d, \u201cT\u00e2y Sa\u201d v\u00e0 9 \u0111\u1ea3o thu\u1ed9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

– T\u1eeb 1945 – 1946 v\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bao quanh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o, b\u00e3i \u0111\u00e1 ng\u1ea7m v\u00f2ng xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eadn 7 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0129 B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1947 v\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp xu\u1ed1ng 4 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0129 B\u1eafc, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng xu\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 b\u00e3i James Shoal (Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u0103ng M\u1eabu) k\u1ebf c\u1eadn b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Malaysia.<\/p>\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, cu\u1ed1n \u201cTrung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd gi\u00e1o khao th\u01b0\u201d do Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng V\u1ee5 \u1ea5n th\u01b0 qu\u00e1n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1906 ghi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ef1c nam l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o H\u1ea3i Nam nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cPh\u00eda Nam b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 18 \u0111\u1ed9 13 ph\u00fat, l\u1ea5y b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Ch\u00e2u Nhai \u0111\u1ea3o Qu\u1ef3nh Ch\u00e2u \u2013 (t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3o H\u1ea3i Nam) \u2013 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00fat.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng n\u00eau l\u00ean l\u00e0, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u00f3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 do t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u1ebd v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1935 v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1947 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi v\u1ebd v\u00e0 ban h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o H\u1ea3i Nam ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ho\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c v\u1ebd c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u1ed1n v\u1ebd tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n[1]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

2. Vi\u1ec7c Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u00e1, b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m thu\u1ed9c hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa:<\/p>\n

– Trong th\u1eddi gian ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c (1912 – 1949), Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u00e1 ng\u1ea7m, b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m thu\u1ed9c 4 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cT\u00e2y Sa\u201d v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa (Vi\u1ec7t Nam) m\u00e0 h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0110o\u00e0n Sa\u201d v\u1ec1 sau g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cNam Sa\u201d. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u (1935) c\u00e1c t\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi theo t\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch phi\u00ean \u00e2m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a. V\u1ec1 sau (1947) ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c t\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay.<\/p>\n

– T\u1eeb 1950 \u0111\u1ebfn 1983, C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Hoa ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

– Cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 24\/4\/1983, m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u1edb \u201cti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecba danh to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c\u201d Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi l\u1eadp \u201cU\u1ef7 ban \u0111\u1ecba danh Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung t\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m, \u0111\u00e1 ng\u1ea7m v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng l\u1ea1ch thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c tranh ch\u1ea5p ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y. So v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba danh s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i n\u0103m 1947, s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u00e1, b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m thu\u1ed9c \u201cT\u00e2y Sa\u201d t\u1eeb 30 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 49, thu\u1ed9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa t\u1eeb 97 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 187.<\/p>\n

– Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ea3o, b\u00e3i, \u0111\u00e1 ng\u1ea7m thu\u1ed9c hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, do di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf hai th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1c nhau (1947 v\u00e0 1983) v\u1edbi hai ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd sau \u0111\u00e2y :<\/p>\n

3. C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u00e1, b\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

– \u1ede qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa:<\/p>\n

+ Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7t 30 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o d\u1ef1a theo t\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ti\u1ebfng Anh. Hai c\u1ee5m \u0111\u1ea3o th\u00ec ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n theo c\u00e1ch chia c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (trong b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 34 t\u00ean; t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u00f3 32 t\u00ean).<\/p>\n

+ C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Hoa t\u0103ng th\u00eam th\u00e0nh 49 \u0111\u1ecba danh. N\u0103m 1994 CHND Trung Hoa c\u00f2n c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1edbi t\u00ecm th\u00eam 5 \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u1edbi 500m2<\/sup> ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean. Vi\u1ec7c chia c\u1ee5m th\u00ec v\u1eabn theo c\u00e1ch chia c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

– \u1ede qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa:<\/p>\n

+ Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7t 97 \u0111\u1ecba danh \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ean qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 t\u00ean 4 – 5 c\u1ee5m \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

+ CHND Trung Hoa t\u0103ng th\u00eam th\u00e0nh 187 \u0111\u1ecba danh, kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 t\u00ean 5 c\u1ee5m \u0111\u1ea3o[2]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, b\u00e3i, \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n chia c\u1ee5m th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Hai \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ta n\u00eau c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1 b\u00e3i \u1edf \u201cqu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o T\u00e2y Sa v\u00e0 Nam Sa\u201d hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

4. Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, b\u00e3i, \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa n\u0103m 1935 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n

a. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch phi\u00ean \u00e2m t\u00ean qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf:<\/p>\n

– \u1ede qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa<\/p>\n

+ Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m Amphitrite (Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m An V\u0129nh) th\u00ec Trung Qu\u1ed1c phi\u00ean \u00e2m theo \u00e2m H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u201cAm-ph\u00ea-th\u1ed5-lai-\u0111\u1ee9c\u201d \u0111\u1ecdc theo \u00e2m quan ho\u1ea3 th\u00ec g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Anh.<\/p>\n

+ Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m Crescent (Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m L\u01b0\u1ee1i Li\u1ec1m) th\u00ec Trung Qu\u1ed1c phi\u00ean \u00e2m theo \u00e2m H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Kha-l\u1eb7c-sinh-\u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecdc theo \u00e2m quan ho\u1ea3, g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Anh.<\/p>\n

+ M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o c\u0169ng phi\u00ean \u00e2m t\u00ean qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Duncan Island: \u0110\u00e0n ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

Lincoln Island: L\u00e2m khang \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

Bombay Reef: B\u00e0ng t\u1ef3 ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n

Dido Bank: \u0110\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 than.<\/p>\n

– \u1ede qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng phi\u00ean \u00e2m t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

+ Subi Reef: Sa t\u00fd ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n

+ Ladd Reef: La \u0111\u1ee9c ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n

+ Mariveles Reef: Ma l\u1eadp phu ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n

+ Ganges Reef: Can c\u01a1 t\u01b0 than.<\/p>\n

b. D\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c t\u00ean qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf theo ti\u1ebfng Trung Qu\u1ed1c:<\/p>\n

– Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa:<\/p>\n

+ Money Island: Ti\u1ec1n t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

+ Woody Island: M\u1eabu l\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

+ Pyramid Rock: Cao ti\u00eam th\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

+ West sand: T\u00e2y than.<\/p>\n

+ South Sand: Nam than.<\/p>\n

– \u1ede qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa<\/p>\n

+ Discovery Reef: \u0110\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n

+ Central Reef: Trung ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n

+ Commodore Reef: T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n

c. N\u0103m 1947 thay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 phi\u00ean \u00e2m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a n\u0103m 1935 b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi d\u1ee5ng \u00fd t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 tranh ch\u1ea5p ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 phi\u00ean \u00e2m hay d\u1ecbch t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c t\u00ean con t\u00e0u Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ec7n b\u1ea1ch cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00fd do sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

– \u1ede qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa:<\/p>\n

+ Nh\u00f3m Amphitrite, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u00f3i: nay \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m Minh Tuy\u00ean T\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh kinh doanh bi\u1ec3n n\u00ean l\u1ea5y ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u \u201cTuy\u00ean \u0110\u1ee9c\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t cho nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

+ \u0110\u1ea3o Tree Island: n\u0103m 1947 B\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u00ean m\u1edbi cho 4 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea3o \u201cTri\u1ec7u Thu\u1eadt\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i x\u1ee9 Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 Minh.<\/p>\n

+ Woody Island: Ban \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cM\u1eadu L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ea3o\u201d, sau kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m con t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 ra ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh \u201cV\u0129nh H\u01b0ng\u201d.<\/p>\n

+ Lincoln Island: tr\u01b0\u1edbc phi\u00ean \u00e2m l\u00e0 \u201cL\u00e2m khang\u201d nay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cHo\u00e0 Ng\u0169\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m Phan Ho\u00e0 Ng\u0169 ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi Minh.<\/p>\n

+ Nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea3o Crescent: L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean \u00e2m l\u00e0 \u201cKha-l\u1eb7c-sinh-\u0111\u1ee9c\u201d, nay \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea3o \u201cV\u0129nh L\u1ea1c\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m Minh Th\u00e0nh T\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n c\u1eed Tr\u1ecbnh Ho\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

+ \u0110\u1ea3o Drummond, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o \u0110\u00f4 Lan B\u00f4n nay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea3o \u201cT\u1ea5n Khanh\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m T\u1ea5n Khanh \u0111\u1eddi Minh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i s\u1ee9 v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n Nam.<\/p>\n

+ \u0110\u1ea3o Duncan tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean \u201c\u0110\u00e0n Ki\u1ebfn\u201d nay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u201cTh\u00e1m H\u00e0ng\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m con t\u00e0u Th\u00e1m H\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i tu\u1ea7n tra \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

– \u1ede qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n

+ \u0110\u1ea3o Th\u1ecb T\u1ee9: \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o \u201cTrung Nghi\u1ec7p\u201d (t\u00ean con t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1ea3o)<\/p>\n

+ \u0110\u1ea3o Sincowe: \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u201cC\u1ea3nh H\u00f9ng\u201d (t\u00ean V\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u1ea3nh H\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i s\u1ee9 bi\u1ec3n Nam, th\u1eddi Minh Th\u00e0nh T\u1ed5).<\/p>\n

+ Tizard bank and Reefs: \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5m \u0111\u00e1 ng\u1ea7m \u201cTr\u1ecbnh Ho\u00e0\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m Tr\u1ecbnh Ho\u00e0 b\u1ea3y l\u1ea7n \u0111i s\u1ee9 v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n Nam.<\/p>\n

+ Sandy Cay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u201c\u0110\u00f4n Khi\u00eam\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e0u Trung Nghi\u1ec7p L\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n Khi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

+ Namyit Island: \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 \u201cH\u1ed3ng H\u01b0u\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m ph\u00f3 thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e0u Trung Nghi\u1ec7p D\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ed3ng H\u01b0u.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 sao v\u1ebd l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m \u0111\u1ea3o, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o b\u00e3i \u0111\u00e1 thu\u1ed9c hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o, l\u1ea5y nguy\u00ean v\u0103n t\u00ean qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 phi\u00ean \u00e2m ra t\u00ean Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a t\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u00e0nh t\u00ean Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u2026 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n

T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U THAM KH\u1ea2O<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u201cNotes sur l\u2019histoire de la cartographie Indochinoise\u201d in trong s\u00e1ch \u201cAtlas de Chabert & L.Gallois \u2013 Hanoi \u2013 Mars 1909\u201d t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 CI.E.Maitre. Directeur LE.F.E.O.<\/li>\n
  2. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Danniel Ross (1808) v\u1ec1 Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Hugh Cloford \u2013 Danville (1755).<\/li>\n
  3. S\u00e1ch Australia Unveiled \u2013 NXB Theatrum Orbita Terraru LTD \u2013 Amsterdam 1976<\/li>\n
  4. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Pieter Goss (1660) v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng<\/li>\n
  5. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 An Nam \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c ho\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed3 – Jean Louis Taberd (1838)<\/li>\n
  6. S\u00e1ch Maritime Jurisdiction in South East Asia \u2013 A commentary and Maps J. R. V. Prescostt (1981)<\/li>\n
  7. The Spratlys Island : A study on the limitation on international Law \u2013 R. Haller Trost<\/li>\n
  8. The Spratlys dispute and prospects for settlement \u2013 Ji GuoXing \u2013 ISIS Malaysia \u2013 1992<\/li>\n
  9. \u0110\u1ea1i Thanh nh\u1ea5t th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ed (TVQG H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 13-179)<\/li>\n
  10. \u0110\u1ea1i Thanh \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3 (Vi\u1ec7n TTKHXH H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u2013 P250)<\/li>\n
  11. Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ed gi\u00e1o khoa th\u01b0 (Vi\u1ec7n TTKHXH H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u2013 P229)<\/li>\n
  12. Namelist of Nansha islands (Republic of China) – H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0<\/li>\n
  13. Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf Nam H\u1ea3i (T\u00e2n Hoa x\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 24-4-1983).<\/li>\n
  14. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Nam H\u1ea3i Ch\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a CHND Trung Hoa \u2013 NXB Thi\u00ean T\u00e2n in l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 2 (4-1989)<\/li>\n
  15. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111o v\u1ebd Ho\u00e0ng Sa (1881-1883), Anh, Ph\u00e1p ch\u1ec9nh l \u00fd, v\u1ebd l\u1ea1i (1885)<\/li>\n
  16. Cu\u1ed1n \u201cNg\u00e3 Qu\u1ed1c Nam H\u1ea3i Ch\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea3o s\u1eed li\u1ec7u h\u1ed9i bi\u00ean\u201d, H\u00e0n Ch\u1ea5n Hoa ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n 1988<\/li>\n
  17. S\u00e1ch \u201cB\u1ed1n qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Nam Sa\u201d xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u1edf \u0110\u00e0i Loan 1 \u2013 1981. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Ph\u00f9 Tu\u1ea5n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \n

    [1]<\/a>H\u00e0n Ch\u1ea5n Hoa.<\/p>\n

    [2]<\/a> H\u00e0n Ch\u1ea5n Hoa, trang 184-192; 472-483.<\/p>\n

    BDN\n

    Aufrufe: 340<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ta h\u00e3y x\u00e9t xem qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ebd hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Paracel v\u00e0 Spratly m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u1ecdi \u201cT\u00e2y Sa\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cNam Sa\u201d l\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u00e1, b\u00e3i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sai s\u00f3t trong s\u00e1ch\u00a0\u0110\u1ea1o m\u1ed9 b\u00fat k\u00fd\u00a0v\u00e0 t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch\u00a0\u0110\u1ea1o m\u1ed9 b\u00fat k\u00fd\u00a0(tr\u00e1i) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[97,1,37,38],"tags":[103],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4550"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4550"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4550\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4553,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4550\/revisions\/4553"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4550"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4550"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4550"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}