{"id":5767,"date":"2020-01-18T22:19:49","date_gmt":"2020-01-18T21:19:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/?p=5767"},"modified":"2020-01-22T21:40:40","modified_gmt":"2020-01-22T20:40:40","slug":"tieng-viet-ai-buc-tu-dong-bang-song-cuu-long","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/2020\/01\/18\/tieng-viet-ai-buc-tu-dong-bang-song-cuu-long\/","title":{"rendered":"Ai \u201cb\u1ee9c t\u1eed\u201d \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u00f4ng Mekong l\u00e0 con s\u00f4ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng con s\u00f4ng l\u1edbn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i, s\u00f4ng Mekong x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 12 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 4800 km. S\u00f4ng Mekong kh\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb cao nguy\u00ean T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng (hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang b\u1ecb Trung Qu\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0 coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c) v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ea3y qua l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Myanmar, L\u00e0o, Th\u00e1i Lan, Campuchia r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu long \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng Mekong \u0111\u1ed5 ra bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Myanmar l\u00e0 hai qu\u1ed1c gia n\u1eb1m \u1edf th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n. Khu v\u1ef1c h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n s\u00f4ng Mekong n\u01a1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \u0111i qua c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia L\u00e0o, Th\u00e1i lan, Campuchia v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n 65 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

S\u00f4ng Mekong l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00ean kh\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 Zachu. T\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00f4ng Lan th\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi L\u00e0o g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u00f4ng Menam (s\u00f4ng M\u1eb9), h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 t\u1eeb Mekong \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o Campuchia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Campuchia g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n h\u1ed3 Tongle Sap, \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam, theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft x\u01b0a, s\u00f4ng Mekong \u0111\u1ed5 ra bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng theo ch\u00edn c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u00ed nh\u01b0 ch\u00edn con r\u1ed3ng, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu long.<\/p>\n

S\u00f4ng Mekong gi\u00e0u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 con s\u00f4ng n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. S\u00f4ng Mekong mang trong l\u00f2ng n\u00f3 h\u01a1n 1500 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt kh\u00e1c nhau. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft h\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng Mekong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 2 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n, g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea3y sinh tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng Mekong. \u0110\u00e2y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con s\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia ven s\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ri\u00eang cho l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n nh\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf v\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n lu\u00f4n \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda cho d\u00e2n c\u01b0 v\u00f9ng h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n, khi d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb ng\u0103n l\u1ea1i, khi\u1ebfn cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y sinh b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o con s\u00f4ng n\u00e0y b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ven s\u00f4ng Mekong \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng Mekong, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang x\u00e2y 11 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u0111ang d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e2y th\u00eam 20 con \u0111\u1eadp tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng n\u00e0y. L\u00e0o \u0111ang cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1eadp cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n Xayaburi v\u00e0 \u0111ang c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y 11 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp theo. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadp ch\u1eafn Xayaburi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 d\u00e2n v\u00f9ng ven s\u00f4ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n

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\"H\u00ecnh

H\u00ecnh ch\u1ee5p v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111\u1eadp Xayaburi tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng Mekong \u1edf L\u00e0o h\u00f4m 24\/12\/2017<\/p><\/div>\n

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M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ec9 ra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111e do\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu long g\u1ed3m hai nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eadp thu\u1ef7 \u0111i\u1ec7n, trong \u0111\u00f3, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp \u1edf th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edbi l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

B\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a U\u1ef7 h\u1ed9i s\u00f4ng Mekong (MRC) n\u0103m 2010 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf khi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ri\u00eang thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 476 tri\u1ec7u USD m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, 54% ru\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ecdc theo con s\u00f4ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 49,1 tri\u1ec7u USD m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a 20 tri\u1ec7u c\u01b0 d\u00e2n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o con s\u00f4ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau.<\/p>\n

MRC c\u0169ng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng khu v\u1ef1c h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u Mekong s\u1ebd s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m 40% c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0n c\u00e1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2040 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 80% c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eadp thu\u1ef7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf v\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u Mekong, m\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eadp n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

N\u1eb1m \u1edf cu\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a Mekong, Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ecbu thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 nh\u1ea5t khi d\u00f2ng Mekong b\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u00e1o ch\u00ed g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 cho bi\u1ebft 10\/13 t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh \u1edf \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng S\u00f4ng C\u1eedu long b\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp do l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt gi\u1ea3m. Trong \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ec9nh B\u1ebfn tre m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ban b\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi l\u00fd do n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Fulbright Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y cho bi\u1ebft, khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i n\u0103m 40 t\u1ec9 USD n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch th\u00edch \u1ee9ng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eadp thu\u1ef7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta \u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng Mekong h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh\u201d cho r\u1eb1ng, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eadp thu\u1ef7 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n Mekong, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n t\u00edch tr\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Vi\u1ec7c tr\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u201ctr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t\u201d c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3ng ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb tr\u00ean th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 tham lam c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng Mekong gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn t\u1edbi \u201cc\u00e1i ch\u1ebft trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai\u201d c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu long – v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 v\u1ef1a l\u00faa c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

BDN\n

Aufrufe: 188<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u00f4ng Mekong l\u00e0 con s\u00f4ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng con s\u00f4ng l\u1edbn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i, s\u00f4ng Mekong x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 12 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 4800 km. S\u00f4ng Mekong kh\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb cao nguy\u00ean T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng (hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang b\u1ecb Trung Qu\u1ed1c …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[97,1,37],"tags":[187],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5767"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5767"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5767\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5769,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5767\/revisions\/5769"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5767"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5767"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5767"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}