{"id":16534,"date":"2025-01-07T19:57:01","date_gmt":"2025-01-07T18:57:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/?p=16534"},"modified":"2025-01-07T19:57:03","modified_gmt":"2025-01-07T18:57:03","slug":"tieng-viet-cuoc-chien-khoang-san-chien-luoc-va-cong-nghe-giua-my-va-tq","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/2025\/01\/07\/tieng-viet-cuoc-chien-khoang-san-chien-luoc-va-cong-nghe-giua-my-va-tq\/","title":{"rendered":"Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 TQ"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 \u0111ang l\u00fan s\u00e2u v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea7y nguy hi\u1ec3m: cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, v\u1edbi h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 USD v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Trong khi M\u1ef9 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i chip b\u00e1n d\u1eabn t\u1ed1i t\u00e2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ecdi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c con chip n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u00e2m th\u1ea7m gi\u1eefa hai c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2019, khi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Donald Trump \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o Huawei \u2013 t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i cho h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u201c\u0103n mi\u1ebfng tr\u1ea3 mi\u1ebfng\u201d gi\u1eefa Washington v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Kinh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n cung kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n t\u1eeb M\u1ef9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y t\u1eeb l\u00e2u. Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean, B\u1eafc Kinh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u00e2m th\u1ea7m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 chi ph\u1ed1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trung Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n khai th\u00e1c 70% \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, x\u1eed l\u00fd 87% qu\u1eb7ng khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf 91% \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm qua x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i. Nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho th\u1ea5y \u01b0u th\u1ebf v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia gi\u00e0u kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 Indonesia, Mali, Bolivia v\u00e0 Zimbabwe. Nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y, d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n, v\u1eabn mang l\u1ea1i cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ngu\u1ed3n cung \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm, cobalt, nickel v\u00e0 lithium. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap B\u1eafc Kinh t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u201c\u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n\u201d v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111ang t\u1ee5t h\u1eadu trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua n\u00e0y. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 e d\u00e8 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n khai th\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n \u1edf M\u1ef9 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u00ea li\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t antimony \u2013 m\u1ed9t kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng \u2013 t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1999.
B\u1eafc Kinh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng, Washington ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Joe Biden, c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng M\u1ef9 \u2013 Trung kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c leo thang. Th\u00e1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n

10-2022, Washington \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u chip b\u00e1n d\u1eabn ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n B\u1eafc Kinh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea9y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e1p l\u1ea1i, th\u00e1ng 7-2023 B\u1eafc Kinh c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u gallium v\u00e0 germanium \u2013 hai kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chip. Ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng, giao d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9-2024 Trung Qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u antimony. L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 khi\u1ebfn giao d\u1ecbch antimony gi\u1ea3m 97% m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea9y gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n n\u00e0y t\u0103ng 200%. \u0110\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 3-12-2024 khi B\u1eafc Kinh tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ea5m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u antimony, gallium v\u00e0 germanium sang M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng khai nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0o M\u1ef9 trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t m\u1edbi trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edbi quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a m\u00e0 c\u00f2n nh\u1eb1m c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh trong cu\u1ed9c ch\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (CSIS), Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang \u1edf \u201ct\u00e2m th\u1ebf th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn\u201d khi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ngu\u1ed3n cung germanium v\u00e0 gallium \u2013 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 thay th\u1ebf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u silicon trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ung dung c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh. N\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng M\u1ef9 hi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd t\u1eeb B\u1eafc Kinh s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y, khi\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 Washington \u0111ang g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ngu\u1ed3n cung m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu \u0111i c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y. Trong khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n khai th\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, M\u1ef9 l\u1ea1i g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c li\u00ean minh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3.
Ai s\u1ebd d\u1eabn d\u1eaft t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng: quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u0169 kh\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c B\u1eafc Kinh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 \u201cOPEC m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean\u201d l\u00e0 k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh sang k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 xanh v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ai s\u1ebd d\u1eabn d\u1eaft t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BDN<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

Aufrufe: 262<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 \u0111ang l\u00fan s\u00e2u v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea7y nguy hi\u1ec3m: cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, v\u1edbi h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 USD v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Trong khi M\u1ef9 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i chip b\u00e1n d\u1eabn …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[97,1,37],"tags":[225],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16534"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16534"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16534\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16536,"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16534\/revisions\/16536"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}