{"id":3456,"date":"2018-11-16T18:23:49","date_gmt":"2018-11-16T17:23:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/?p=3456"},"modified":"2018-11-26T22:15:07","modified_gmt":"2018-11-26T21:15:07","slug":"tieng-viet-su-khac-biet-trong-hoat-dong-cai-tao-dao-giua-tq-va-viet-nam-o-truong-sa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/2018\/11\/16\/tieng-viet-su-khac-biet-trong-hoat-dong-cai-tao-dao-giua-tq-va-viet-nam-o-truong-sa\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea3o gi\u1eefa TQ v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u1eeb n\u0103m 2013 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o phi ph\u00e1p 7 b\u00e3i \u0111\u00e1, \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa (c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam), g\u1ed3m \u0111\u00e1 Ch\u00e2u Vi\u00ean, Ch\u1eef Th\u1eadp, Ga Ven, G\u1ea1c Ma, T\u01b0 Ngh\u0129a, \u0110\u00e1 Xu Bi v\u00e0 V\u00e0nh Kh\u0103n, v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 12.8 tri\u1ec7u m2<\/sup>. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 c\u00f2n vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng tranh ch\u1ea5p \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, song ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam di\u1ec5n ra v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 d\u00e2n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n
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Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o phi ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1 Ga Ven<\/p><\/div>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 v\u1eeba. T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2013 Trung Qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean 07 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa (\u0111\u00e1 Ch\u00e2u Vi\u00ean, Ch\u1eef Th\u1eadp, Ga Ven, G\u1ea1c Ma, T\u01b0 Ngh\u0129a, \u0110\u00e1 Xu Bi v\u00e0 V\u00e0nh Kh\u0103n), v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 12.8 tri\u1ec7u m2<\/sup>\u00a0trong v\u00f2ng ba n\u0103m.\u00a0Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1 (\u0110\u00e1 Ch\u00e2u Vi\u00ean, \u0110\u00e1 Ch\u1eef Th\u1eadp, \u0110\u00e1 Ga Ven, v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e1 G\u1ea1c Ma) v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u00e3i l\u00fac n\u1ed5i l\u00fac ch\u00ecm (\u0110\u00e1 T\u01b0 Ngh\u0129a, \u0110\u00e1 Xu Bi v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e1 V\u00e0nh Kh\u0103n). Theo ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i (7\/2016), ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2013 \u0111\u00e3 vi ph\u1ea1m h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadt Bi\u1ec3n n\u0103m 1982 (UNCLOS), c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: Vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n theo c\u00e1c \u0110i\u1ec1u 192, \u0110i\u1ec1u 194(1), \u0110i\u1ec1u 194(2), \u0110i\u1ec1u 197, \u0110i\u1ec1u 123, v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u 206; Vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o theo c\u00e1c \u0110i\u1ec1u 60 v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u 80.<\/p>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n<\/p>\n

Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00fat phun. Theo \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u v\u1edbi gi\u00e0n khoan s\u1ebd khoan v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho vi\u1ec7c san l\u1ea5p, sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00fat l\u00ean v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n theo m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng n\u1ed7i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n san l\u1ea5p.\u00a0T\u00e0u phun h\u00fat l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 Tian Jing Hao c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 4.500 m3<\/sup>\/h\u00a0 h\u00fat c\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n.\u00a0Theo c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y g\u00e2y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m \u1edf ba kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh: (1) Tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa \u1edf b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m do b\u1ecb v\u00f9i l\u1ea5p; (2) Gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 sinh v\u1eadt t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e1y nh\u01b0 san h\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u1ecf bi\u1ec3n do s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc, gia t\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch, t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n; (3) Gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn sinh v\u1eadt h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1 v\u00e0 vi sinh v\u1eadt do vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch, ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia, T\u00f2a k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c vi ph\u1ea1m h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

(1) Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 g\u00ecn gi\u1eef m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 192.\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u 192 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 chung cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia: \u201cC\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 g\u00ecn gi\u1eef m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n.\u201d C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, g\u00ecn gi\u1eef , v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m x\u1ea5u \u0111i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n; b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ph\u1ea1m vi th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.\u00a0Ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.\u00a0Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, do \u0111\u00f3 vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 \u1edf \u0110i\u1ec1u 192.<\/p>\n

(2) Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ea1o v\u00e9t l\u1ea5y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 \u1edf \u0110i\u1ec1u 194(1) khi g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n.\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u 194(1) quy \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cC\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, t\u00f9y theo t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, thi h\u00e0nh ri\u00eang r\u1ebd hay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3, v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y\u201d. \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0110i\u1ec1u 1(4), theo \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u00f4ng, khi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ee3i sinh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n, g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, g\u00e2y tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf bi\u1ec3n, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1ef9 c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00fat phun \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, do \u0111\u00f3 vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 194(1).<\/p>\n

(3) Vi\u1ec7c Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 194(5).\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u 194(5) quy \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cC\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi h\u00e0nh theo \u0111\u00fang ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 g\u00ecn gi\u1eef c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sinh th\u00e1i hi\u1ebfm hoi hay m\u1ecfng manh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c \u0111ang tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a, c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 hay \u0111ang b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t.\u201d C\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng khoa h\u1ecdc cho th\u1ea5y khu v\u1ef1c bi\u1ec3n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u201ch\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i hi\u1ebfm hoi hay m\u1ecfng manh\u201d v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111ang tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a, c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 hay \u0111ang b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 ngao kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, \u0111\u1ed3i m\u1ed3i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 v\u00e0 san h\u00f4 kh\u00e1c.\u00a0Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00fat phun \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i n\u00eau tr\u00ean, do \u0111\u00f3 vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 194(5).<\/p>\n

(4) Vi\u1ec7c Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c hay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia xung quanh Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 197 v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u 123.\u00a0Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c hay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua vi\u1ec7c Philippines v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia xung quanh Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u 197 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hay khu v\u1ef1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u 123 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n k\u00edn v\u00e0 n\u1eeda k\u00edn.<\/p>\n

(5) Vi\u1ec7c Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 \u1edf \u0110i\u1ec1u 206.\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u 206 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hai ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5: ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do x\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 tin r\u1eb1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean, T\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 206 b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ee9ng minh n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\u00a0T\u00f2a ch\u1ec9 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn Trung Qu\u1ed1c vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 206.\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u 206 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u201cKhi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do x\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n hay quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 quy c\u01a1 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nghi\u00eam trong hay l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, th\u00ec trong ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u00f9a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf \u0110i\u1ec1u 205.\u201d \u0110i\u1ec1u 205 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o: \u201cC\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0110i\u1ec1u 204 hay, theo kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ecdi qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y.\u201d<\/p>\n

Trung Qu\u1ed1c vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Philippines li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. Vi\u1ec7c Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o phi ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00ed t\u00e0i qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ra 7 \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 60 v\u00e0 80. \u0110i\u1ec1u 60 v\u00e0 80 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ed1c gia ven bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Philippines \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng san l\u1ea5p bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 do t\u1eebng b\u00ean chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. \u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u1eb3n so v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Philippines. Theo B\u00e1o c\u00e1o\u00a0Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c an ninh bi\u1ec3n Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 – Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng\u00a0c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 2015, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa nh\u01b0 sau: Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o 11,74 km2<\/sup>, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o 0,323 km2<\/sup>v\u00e0 Philippines 0.057 km2<\/sup>. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y so s\u00e1nh r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2013, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong v\u00f2ng 20 th\u00e1ng l\u1edbn g\u1ea5p 17 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i trong v\u00f2ng 40 n\u0103m, chi\u1ebfm 95% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ed3i l\u1ea5p tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 r\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n t\u1ea1o, san l\u1ea5p bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u00edt c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n so v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb, n\u00ean ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng vi ph\u1ea1m \u0110i\u1ec1u 192 v\u00e0 194(1) v\u00e0 (5) v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng khai b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00f3 theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 206.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n v\u00e0o tr\u00e1nh b\u00e3o, \u00e1p th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: (1) C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, b\u00e3i c\u1ea1n Vi\u1ec7t nam c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. M\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00ean hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Ngo\u00e0i ra, Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu, lu\u00f4n th\u1ef1c thi nghi\u00eam t\u00fac c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea3o, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 UNCLOS. (2) H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam mang t\u00ednh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, an to\u00e0n t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng cho qu\u00e2n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, b\u00e3i c\u1ea1n (khi bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o s\u00e1t n\u01a1i binh s\u1ef9 \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a binh s\u1ef9 r\u1ea5t eo h\u1eb9p) v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i tr\u00e1nh b\u00e3o, \u00e1p th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi cho ng\u01b0 \u0111\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u00d0\u00f4ng v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c. (3) Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0u nh\u1ecf, h\u00fat tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch san h\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u01a1i th\u00f4ng lu\u1ed3ng, r\u1ea1ch, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho t\u00e0u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00e0u c\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n ra v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7m ph\u00e1 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, an to\u00e0n. Greg Poling, chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (CSIS) \u1edf Washington nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y \u0111\u1eafp m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u00e0u v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u00e0u c\u00e1 d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0y. (4) Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e1o h\u00fat c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb t\u1eeb, kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y c\u1eaft, m\u00e1y dung, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1 r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 (c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u1edf 7 \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa), nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u0111e d\u1ecda hay ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. (5) T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 \u1edf, hay x\u00e2y k\u00e8 ch\u1eafn tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m ch\u1eafn s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1t v\u00e0 r\u00e1c r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh. Ngo\u00e0i ra, nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng (t\u1eebng vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch, h\u00f2n s\u1ecfi) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ra. (6) Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c ven Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Indonesia t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 Natuna, Malaysia t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u1edf Sabah, Sarawak v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Philippines cho ph\u00e9p M\u1ef9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 5 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

Trong kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c, theo AMTI, trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua, Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 b\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eafp th\u00eam kho\u1ea3ng 120 m\u1eabu Anh tr\u00ean 10 \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eafp h\u01a1n 3.200 m\u1eabu Anh tr\u00ean 7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. Ngo\u00e0i ra, B\u1eafc Kinh c\u00f2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng, h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i th\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t radar, tri\u1ec3n khai m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, t\u00ean l\u1eeda, ph\u00e1o\u2026 ra 7 \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Carl Thayer c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn khi cho r\u1eb1ng, \u201cho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u00edt ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (kh\u00f4ng n\u1ea1o v\u00e9t quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn c\u00e1c r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 4% t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u201cc\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea3o\u201d. \u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 15 \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean thu\u1ed9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa l\u00e0 1.828 km\u00b2 trong khi \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o do Trung Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e2y l\u00e0 12 km\u00b2 (kho\u1ea3ng 1,300 hecta). T\u00ednh ri\u00eang \u0111\u00e1 Ch\u1eef Th\u1eadp, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o phi ph\u00e1p l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 2.74 km\u00b2, B\u1eafc Kinh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, 3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng d\u00e0i 3.000m, 5 ng\u1ecdn h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean 12 \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ecm \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa th\u00ec t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o quy ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ecm v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3. Trong Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean \u0110\u00e1 V\u00e0nh Kh\u0103n vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Philippines do th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Philippines. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n t\u1ea1o, san l\u1ea5p (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3) c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00ean 12 \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ecm s\u1ebd l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 c\u00f2n vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng tranh ch\u1ea5p \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, song ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam di\u1ec5n ra v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 d\u00e2n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 kh\u01a1i th\u00f4ng lu\u1ed3ng, l\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n v\u00e0o tr\u00e1nh b\u00e3o khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 UNCLOS.<\/p>\n

BDN\n

Aufrufe: 241<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u1eeb n\u0103m 2013 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o phi ph\u00e1p 7 b\u00e3i \u0111\u00e1, \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa (c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam), g\u1ed3m \u0111\u00e1 Ch\u00e2u Vi\u00ean, Ch\u1eef Th\u1eadp, Ga Ven, G\u1ea1c Ma, T\u01b0 Ngh\u0129a, \u0110\u00e1 Xu Bi v\u00e0 V\u00e0nh Kh\u0103n, v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 12.8 tri\u1ec7u m2. …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[97,1,37,38],"tags":[103],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3456"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3456"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3456\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3459,"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3456\/revisions\/3459"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3456"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3456"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/east-sea.de\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3456"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}